Unseen Dialogues (9-15)

Unseen Dialogues (9-15)

9. King: (Looking around) Charioteer, even without being told, it indeed understood that this is the area of hermitage in the penance grove. (Going little distance) There should not be any trouble for the ascetics (residents of penance grove). Stop the chariot here itself so that I will get down.

Charioteer: The reins are held. May the long-lived one get down.

King: (Getting down) Charioteer, indeed one should enter the penance grove with modest attire. Let this be taken. (Thus gives his ornaments and bow to the charioteer going near)

10. भीम: Oh noble one, let me go (release me) for a moment.

युधिष्ठीर: What else is left?

भीम: Oh noble one, something very important is left. I will bind up the hair of पाञ्चाली  which was dragged by दुःशासन with this hand smeared with the blood of दुर्योधन and दुःशासन.

युधिष्ठीर: You may go quickly. Let the ascetic lady (द्रौपदी) experience the celebration of binding of the braid of the hair.

भीम: Oh princess of  पाञ्चाल kingdom, congratulations on the destruction of enemy’s family.

11. Chamberlain: (Having entered suddenly) This is a pair of garments.

Hero: (having seen, with joy to himself) Fortunately, (my) desire is fulfilled by this pair of red clothes brought unexpectedly.

Chamberlain: (It is) Sent by the queen the mother of मित्रावसु. So may the prince wear this.

Hero: Oh Chamberlain bring it (Chamberlain brings the pair of red garments near. Taking it, to himself) My marriage with मलयवती has become successful  (Moving around, loudly) Oh Chamberlain you may go. May the queen be saluted on my behalf.

12. शर्विलक: Oh मदनिका! Calm down!

मदनिका: (Recovering) Oh adventurous one! (Are you sure) For my sake indeed no one was killed or wounded in that house while doing this improper act by you?

शर्विलक: Oh मदनिका, शर्विलक does not attack the one who is frightened or asleep. So no one was killed by me nor even wounded.

मदनिका: Very good.

शर्विलक: Oh wicked, evil चारुदत्त. You will be no more.

13. भरत: If the separation of son was the same,then why was I not sent to the forest?

कॆकेयी: Child! The separation from  you who were staying in maternal uncle’s house was indeed natural.

भरत: Then why were fourteen years (of exile) observed (stipulated)?

कॆकेयी:Child! I was desirous to say fourteen days; my heart being confused said fourteen years.

भरत: There is a wisdom to explain properly.

14. प्रियंवदा: Oh Alas! Indeed unpleasant has occurred. Absent-minded शकुन्तला has offended a respectable person (Having seen ahead) This is indeed the great sage दुर्वासा who is short tempered. Having cursed in that manner he has returned with an irresistible gait.

अनसूया:Who else can burn except fire? Go, bring him back bowing down to his feet, till then I will arrange water for (his) respectful welcome.

प्रियंवदा: Alright (Thus goes out).

15. King: Then, let the debate commence.

देवी: If you ask me, I don’t like the dispute among them at all.

Dance teacher: Oh queen, you should not consider me likely to be defeated by the one who is having the similar knowledge.

Jester: Your highness, I (want to) see the fight of rams. What is the use of giving them a salary for nothing?

देवी: Indeed, you are fond of quarrels.

6.Garland of good sayings-2

6.Garland of good sayings-2

9. Two stories of Swami Vivekananda

9. Two stories of Swami Vivekananda

8.Everything is precious

8.Everything is precious

7. Wish fulfilling tree of knowledge (ज्ञानकल्पवृक्षः)

7. Wish fulfilling tree of knowledge (ज्ञानकल्पवृक्षः)

        

‘What doesn't change in this ever-changing world?’, according to this maxim (saying) in the twenty-first century even literacy is defined thus- the one who is ignorant about computer and internet is considered to be illiterate only even if he is literate. Nowadays, computer and internet is there in every house of ours. Similarly, it is used for learning and teaching in schools also by us.

          Among various inventions of man since pre-historic times, the internet is the greatest invention of man. This is the greatest revolution till date. A small helping device is ‘Modem’. The internet is connected (created) by joining it to computer with telephone cables. The World Wide Web network (विश्वव्यापि जालम्) formed by the mutual connection of small and big networks of computers is indeed the cyberspace (सङ्गणकजालन्तरिक्षम्). The internet is indeed the super-highway of acquiring knowledge (Information Super-Highway (ज्ञानप्राप्तेः अतिद्रुतगतिमार्गः)). Internet means World Wide Web (विश्वव्यापि जालम्) or the great network of information technology. It is indeed a democracy of people, created by people for the welfare of the people. What a surprise! Not even a single coin (penny) is needed for acquiring this unlimited knowledge.

        Just as there was a wish fulfilling tree (कल्पवृक्षः) in ancient times, similarly in the modern times, the internet itself is the wish fulfilling tree (कल्पवृक्षः) of knowledge. The desire of the mind or the quest for knowledge is fulfilled only in a fraction of second by this.

      The knowledge of various types of science and arts, world news, information of various institutes and departments, thousands of books (treatises), knowledge useful for tourism, reservation of seats and seeing people who are far away and conversing with them and general knowledge are available due to this technology. This modern wish fulfilling tree (कल्पवृक्षः) gives us all types of information. Statistical data (सांख्यिकीय ज्ञानम्) and software program of the computer are also available on the internet. With the help, all the people are to do various subjects (things) quickly, easily, without paper, without mistake, with very little human effort (energy).

       Now, during economic recession, e-commerce (सङ्गणकीयवाणिज्यम्) has proven to be a boon itself. We can do the transfer of money for payments of life insurances (आयूर्विमा), electric bills, and television bills as well as various transactions with this technology. Online banking (सद्यस्क कुसीद्वृत्तिः) is used for this purpose. People send their message quickly by e-mail (सङ्गणकीयपत्रम्) and do online chatting also.

       In this way, this is indeed a boon that increases knowledge. May the use of internet be only for the well-being of human beings.

Download links for all translations

Download links for all translations

Ls 1 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVTkswbUJrdGVZSzg/view?usp=sharing

Ls 2 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVSm5hTmFOcHpqVnM/view?usp=sharing

Ls 3 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVeWZ2MHk4cW8tTzg/view?usp=sharing

Ls 4 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVcWpaZHlsRWZUa2c/view?usp=sharing

Ls 5 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVWFdiM2k1RGNLWWM/view?usp=sharing

Ls 6 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVM0xiaFZ1T01INTA/view?usp=sharing

Ls 7 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVUThnTjhrcWRpTjQ/view?usp=sharing

Ls.8  https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVTjF6WUZqb2xZSnM/view?usp=sharing

Ls9  https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVdVhuc3R4UUJ1TVE/view?usp=sharing

Poem 1 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVWWtzRmlMSHY2ZW8/view?usp=sharing

Poem 2 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVY0lSVlc1dldnM3M/view?usp=sharing

Poem 3 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVWjczcnhIcnExR0E/view?usp=sharing

Poem 4 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVRXNReHZlNEtKMUU/view?usp=sharing

Poem 5  https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVVEVSUWVaVFZUdXM/view?usp=sharing

Poem 6 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVTV9ITVZGZ283N0k/view?usp=sharing

Rr chp 10 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVcEhmRmhsUHNGS0k/view?usp=sharing

RR 2 poem https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVWTA0WWZPSzE4VVE/view?usp=sharing

Unseen verses(1-12)  https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVLW1ud3RvcnhKaDQ/view?usp=sharing

Unseen verses (13-25) https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVUE5BUHRsck5NRFk/view?usp=sharing

Unseen dialogue (1-8) https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVYkRkLXdRZ0ZtV2s/view?usp=sharing

Unseen dialouges (9-15) https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVWm5zdEx6am43OEU/view?usp=sharing

Quotations for lessons  https://docs.google.com/document/d/1IlB-WzRVkXQ6jz0qQq3388sPOYLt9AGXrlfzEUN_ZxE/edit?usp=sharing

Quotations for poems https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_eJBPjfWtLlyv_-AYaSmAg1j2npo-Yw1RcSt7RLgD_E/edit?usp=sharing

Snaskrit unseen passages https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-tEsA_G2twVVmpqVnlwNzByYTg/view?usp=sharing

6. Enjoying the Sentiments

6. Enjoying the Sentiments

[A student eager to act, having approached the teacher asks]

अदिति- Oh teacher, salutation (to you). The curiosity about drama   inspires me to see you.

Teacher - What is the reason of your curiosity?

अदिति - It has been decided by our school that a Sanskrit drama should be performed (by us) for the state- level drama competition. I am to enact (the role of) लक्ष्मीबाई, the queen of झाशी. It has been told by the director that this drama has the sentiment of bravery as the predominant (sentiment). You know (about) नाट्यशास्त्र composed by the sage भरत and the रसाs (sentiments) in drama. So I have come to ask (you) about it.

Teacher - Listen. Probably in the third century B.C. नाट्यशास्त्र was composed by sage भरत. This नाट्यशास्त्र is considered to be the fifth Veda by the scholars. In that treatise, the sage has explained about रसाs (sentiments) useful for drama about their भावs (emotions) also.

अदिति - What are indeed रसाs (sentiments) and भावs (emotions)? How is the manifestation of रस (sentiment) possible in dramas?

Teacher - The sage भरत says, just as in the kitchen, the food consisting of six flavours , prepared by the proper methods of cooking becomes tasty similarly in drama the work of art (performance) endowed with various भावs (emotions) and acting becomes enjoyable and attractive for the appreciative people. So these particular emotions are defined as रसाs (sentiments) of drama.

अदिति - How many रसाs (sentiments) are there? And what are their names?

 Teacher - श्रृंगार (love), हास्‍य (humour), रौद्र(fury), करुण (pathos), वीर (bravery), अद्भुत (wonder), बीभत्‍स (disgust), भयानक (horror) and similarly शान्‍त ( peace)- these nine sentiments are famous. In this science (treatise) the deities and colours of all the sentiments are described.

अदिति -Teacher, now please tell (me) particularly about the sentiment of bravery.

Teacher - Yes. Enthusiasm is the main quality of the sentiment of bravery. It makes others also enthusiastic. The other quality is अध्यवसाय which means firm resolve and firm effort. Another quality is firm intellect. The रस should be manifested by the effective acting स्थॆर्य (stability), धॆर्य (courage), वीर्य (bravery), गर्व (pride), उत्साह (enthusiasm), पराक्रम (valour), etc. This रस (sentiment) inspires the audience (appreciative people).

अदिति -Teacher, keeping all this in mind, I will act accordingly. Indeed, I am obliged (to you).

Teacher - Be successful and modest.

RR.chp.10 Drawing is the greatest among all arts

Drawing is the greatest among all arts

       In the treatise named विष्णुधर्मोत्तरपुराण, the science of drawing is described in detail. The dialogue between (the sage) मार्कण्डेय and (the king) वज्र in that (book) is famous. When the king वज्र asked, 'what is the means of happiness in this world and the next world?’ the sage मार्कण्डेय explained the greatness of drawing in this way-

'Just as सुमेरु is the greatest of all the mountains, the eagle is the pre-eminent among the birds, king is the most excellent among men, similarly in this world the art of drawing is greatest of all arts.'

      With the art not only not only the artists, but even common people get happiness.

       Drawing is the greatest among all arts, it gives religious merit (धर्म), wealth (अर्थ), sensual pleasure (काम) and salvation (मोक्ष).Where it (picture) is placed in the house it first indicates auspiciousness.

      The pioneer of this art of drawing was नारायण who was the son of धर्म (and) was the sculptor of gods.

       Generally lines, shape, light and shade are important (in drawing). Achieving similarity is said to be the main factor in drawing. Place, proportion, beauty, size of land, distinction, similarity, reduction (diminution) and augmentation these eight qualities should be integrated in a picture. The beauty of the picture is enhanced due to these (qualities).

          In drawing, the real test of an artist happens in using colours and his skill is also manifested in it. White (श्र्वेत:), red (रक्त:), yellow (पीत:), black(कृष्ण:) and green(हरित:) are known as five primary colours. The numbers of other colours created by mixing two or three colours are countless. But the black and white colours are very important for mixing. The beauty of the picture is increased by blending the colours.

       But the creativity of an artist is important in this aspect.

       At the time of explaining चित्रसुत्र, the sage मार्कण्डेय has described the proportion of height and depth. The term चित्रसुत्र comprises the height of men and women in the picture, their body-structure (figure) and each and every part of their body. All these should be proportionate.

       Because, indeed without proportion, a picture does not become attractive. Besides the nine रसाs (sentiments) such as love, pathos, etc. that are described in poetics should be depicted in the picture. The depiction of रसाs (sentiments) creates liveliness in the picture. The emotions of heart are expressed by body movements. The depiction of feelings should be according to the nine रसाs (sentiments).

        In order to explain how the भवाs (emotions) and रसाs (sentiments) should be depicted in the picture, the characteristics of the pictures are narrated. The rules about how a picture should be drawn according to the nature of a person are also described. For example while drawing the picture of a man who is peaceful by nature, the eyebrow should be in the shape of half moon. The eyebrow of a dancer should be bow-shaped. The picture of deities should be drawn adorned with ornaments, having pleasant face and wearing silk garments. The depiction of a sage should be with matted hair, wearing the skin of a black deer, lean and possessing lustre.

         Beauty is the important aspect of a picture. Having learnt the proportion of each and every part of the body, in which part reduction is necessary, in which part augmentation is essential, this should be thought of by the artist. Thus, all the guidance that is necessary for the expertise of the artist has been given in विष्णुधर्मोत्तरपुराण. 

           In fact art is the God's gift but attaining proficiency in it is surely dependent on man. That alone is the purpose of sciences and there only lies the usefulness of studying the sciences.

5. Let's be friends of Birds

5. Let's be friends of Birds

Dear शिवानी,

Many blessings!

Child, two days ago I reached here at भरतपुर. My mind is not satisfied (yet) having experienced the beautiful form of nature resounding with the chirping of various birds. And coming here I remember (miss) you a lot, especially your love for birds and curiosity about them. It is indeed known to you that this ‘केवलदेव National Park' is a bird sanctuary. Here, special arrangement and special restrictions have been made by the Government of India for them.

Two or three days are not enough to see such a huge forest because its area is extensive and full of variety. Various types of spots are created here for different types of birds. Dry grassland for terrestrial birds, watery land or marshy place for aquatic birds and similarly huge trees that have become dwellings for tree- birds are also here. Many trees have been accepted here (resorted to) for dwelling by birds of various colours. Tree-birds, grassland-birds and aquatic birds also live here in a large number. Three hundred sixty six species of them live and play here happily. Grassland- birds such as तित्तिर birds (partridges) are seen playing (here). Flocks of Painted storks (चित्रबलाक) making sweet noise on the trees attract the minds of the tourists. Various types of क्रॊञ्च (cranes) looking for prey in the grass are seen from a distance. Many remarkable species of birds are seen floating in the water. A particular bird called White spoonbill (चमसचञ्चू) is specially noticed. Other birds also come here from other countries for staying in winter. It is indeed sad and shameful also that क्रॊञ्च birds (cranes) coming from Siberia (and) staying here in winter season have now become extinct. Many birds coming from Ladakh (लडाख) region also stay here in winter. Tourists and researchers from (our) and foreign countries come here in a large number to see these migrated birds and to know more about them. Bird- banding (fixing a metal ring to the legs of birds) has also been done by bird lovers for studying them.

           Child, this is indeed sad, that many of these special (species of) birds have become extinct. Now some other species also should be specially protected. I remember, many particular birds used to come in our housing complex. (Such as) Cuckoos on the mango tree, भारद्वाज (Greater Coucal) with red wings, wandering at its bottom or in the grass. Even now, its deep sound is resounding in my ears. हूपू birds (Hoopoe) birds with black and yellow stripes playing here and there in groups used to be there itself till the end of the day. The crests of feathers on their head look beautiful like crown. When they open them, they look beautiful like kings. The constantly quarreling सारिकाs (thrushes) are rare now. Even धनेशs (Hornbills) living in the hollow of the big trees have become rare. Nowadays, even धीवर (the Kingfisher) is seen in small numbers.

          Do you know child, we alone are their destroyers (killers). Their dwellings have been destroyed by us for our houses. Where will they go? The measures for their protection should be taken by human beings only. So that even they will be protected.

Alright! I stop now. My best regards to your mother and father.

Your,

Grandmother.