Unseen Passages

1. ‘Memorization done orally is indeed (like) croaking of frogs’, saying thus some people ridicule (it). But it is an experience that memorization done orally in the childhood is helpful even during old age. Various sciences (शास्त्रऽ) stand folding the hands (in salutation) in front of him who memorizes a lot. On the other hand, the one who doesn’t do (memorization), refers to various dictionaries for insignificant things (works). He collects references or asks some scholar. This is a waste of time. Or resorting to (his) vague knowledge he says something which is not trustworthy. A man expecting (desiring) a pearl has to go to the bottom of the ocean.
2. Many times, in transaction, man himself knows – “I am  deceived”. At that time he says – “I am a fool”. But if someone else calls him a fool, then he becomes angry. Man should know – If I get angry then I myself am my enemy. If I love , then I myself am my friend. Just by imagination, we consider other people to be (our) enemy or a friend. He who fosters my ego is my friend. He who hurts my ego is my enemy. In short my mind itself is my enemy or my friend.
3. [In the following passage only the first sentence is in past tense. It should be translated as it is] A traveler was going along a road in the afternoon during summer. There are mango trees on both the sides of the road. There he hears the chirping of birds. Sitting in the shade of the tree, being tired, he eats mango-fruits. Becoming contented, he praises the trees – “Blessed are these trees endowed with shade and leaves, from whom the travelers never go away disappointed”. The traveler resolves in mind – ‘Even I will plant trees in my house’.
4. Those students who study Sanskrit in the traditional schools should also get acquainted with the modern world. Newspapers, magazines, etc. should be read (by them) . If we do not  get acquainted with the current  progress  in the fields of science, commerce, technology, industry, etc. then we will not be able to know about the (current) place and time. We won’t be able to meet  people and speak with them.
5. Once  दुर्बुद्धि  asked सुबुद्धि who was engrossed in bliss – “What is the secret of your bliss and peace?” सुबुद्धि said, “Friend, I have four  bodyguards. First is indeed truth which always protects me from crime. Second is love; I consider all my employees as (my) sons. Third is justice which protects me from injustice. Fourth is sacrifice; it inspires me to do charity. Therefore, with the help of these, I always live happily and do  (work for )the welfare of the people”. दुर्बुद्धि fell at his feet with devotion.
6. Indian culture exists by resorting to Sanskrit language. The soul of India illumines due to culture. The revival of Sanskrit language will take place when Sanskrit will be used in the every field of the life of people. When Sanskrit language  was the  language of  interaction of India, then India got the reputation (title) as ‘Preceptor of the world’. Students used to come here from foreign countries for studying. Various sciences were taught to them  in universities like Nalanda, Takshashila, etc. For attaining the status  of ‘Preceptor of the world’ again, India must indeed adopt Sanskrit (language).
7. In southern India, there is a small island in the sea. On that island there is  the ancient city Kanyakumari being washed (cleansed) by the waves of the sea. The scene of sunrise reflected in the water of the three seas is indeed wonderful. The beauty of the sun in the order – red, yellow and white makes the viewers enchanted. Once Swami Vivekananda  seated on a huge rock in the sea  became engrossed in meditation for three days. The Vivekananda Centre has been developed on the same rock . Having arrived here, devotees make their life fruitful by  meditation  and propitiation.
8. Once a certain man went for hunting. He wandered in the forest for the whole day but did not see any animal. In the evening when he was returning home, then he saw a doe (female deer) along with a young one. That man followed her  on the horse. But that doe  disappeared somewhere. Then, having caught  her fawn, he tied it to the back of the horse. Riding the horse, having gone a little distance, the man saw that even the  female deer perplexed by her love for the young one was following the young one . He thought – “This doe  wishes to protect (her) young one without caring for (giving up the attachment for) her own life. Oh! I will not make her despondent (I will not disappoint her)” having thought thus, he released the fawn. The  female deer became delighted.
9. This is the age in which competition is preeminent. Competitions  are very much useful  for development  in life. Man treads on  the path of progress only due to competition. Indeed competitions are necessary for the development of the virtues which are most probably hidden in the children. When children participate in many competitions such as – competitions of elocution, essay-writing, drawing, debates, sports, etc. – in (their) student life, then due to these, the development of  their capabilities takes place  . Therefore, for the overall development in life, one should take part in competitions.
10. Once prince Siddhartha went to a garden for roaming. A swan wounded by an arrow was fallen on the ground. On seeing this, the heart (mind) of Siddhartha became perplexed with compassion. Running (towards the swan) , pulling the  arrow out  from the body of the swan he held it on the lap. Meanwhile, Devadatta came there running. Having seen the swan in the hand of Siddhartha, he said loudly, “Siddhartha! This swan was  hit by me with an arrow , hence give it to me” Siddhartha firmly said, “I will not give (this swan). I am its protector” Having heard the whole incident, the king  ordered  -”The swan will belong to the one ,to whom it will go.” The swan went near Siddhartha. It is true – the protector is greater than the devourer.
11. The best  gift given to the whole world by India  is indeed the treatise named Panchatantra. The scholar named Vishnu Sharma is its composer. He observed the interest of the princes. He told them stories of various animals and birds. The  technique of  ‘Enlightenment through entertainment’ became effective. The knowledge given by means of stories was grasped  by the princes without any efforts. Within a small span of time itself, those princes became proficient in  politics.
12. Once a new (young) writer came to see the very famous dramatist राम गणेश गडकरी. Having praised the poetic genius of the plays of honorable गडकरी, a lot, he said, “After reading your literature, even I wish to write something like you (your respectable one). I hope that I will get your guidance. So what should I do first?” Respectable गडकरी replied,“Think again!”
13. The kitten of the great scientist Sir Isaac Newton taught him the greatest lesson of science. When Mr. Newton became engrossed in studying in the study-room, at that time itself his dear cat wanted to enter his study-room. So Mr. Newton made two holes in the door of the study-room. The big hole was for the cat and the small hole was for the kitten. But when the cat entered the study-room through the big hole, the kitten also followed her only. Mr. Newton had forgotten the common principle of science that the smaller animal can also enter through the bigger hole. This also happens sometimes.
14. Sunita and Anita were the two daughters of Madhavadasa. The husband of Sunita was a garland-maker and the husband of Anita was a potter. Once Sunita said to her father, “Father, I wish that it should rain heavily; due to which our plants will get adequate water” Having heard that, Anita who was sitting nearby said quickly, “No no. Father! But I desire fierce sunlight (scorching heat of the sun) ; due to which our earthen pots will be safe” Having heard  the wishes of both of them, Madhavadasa said in (his) mind itself – “What shall I say here?”
15. Eight years before the experiment of Wright brothers, a successful experiment of flying an aeroplane at Girgaon seashore was carried out by a certain scientist  named  शिवकर बापूजी तळपदे , with the help of the treatise यन्त्रसर्वस्व written by the sage भारद्वाज. Honorable personalities like Barrister जयकर, his Highness  सयाजीराव गायकवाड, etc. were present at the time of the experiment. Unfortunately, this important incident was ignored. Mercury and solar energy were used as the fuel for the aeroplane by respected तळपदे . Currently NASA institute also uses the same fuel for its spacecrafts.
16. In the autobiography named ‘Wings of fire’,the former president Bharatratna Dr. Kalam , writes – “Only he is a fruitful leader who is able to bring the strong (capable) people together. He should continuously infuse fresh blood into the organization. He should be proficient in solving the problems and in bringing the new ideas into action  (or implementing new ideas). He should be able to inject  enthusiasm in his group (team). Wherever  necessary,  he should give  due credit to others . He should publicly praise them but should discuss their vices in solitude only.
17. The creepers of vegetables  like bitter-gourd, snake-gourd, etc. hang from supportive nets. Straight snake gourds are fit for sale. Hence, when snake –gourds are small, a stone is tied to one of their ends. Due to its weight, snake gourds do not become crooked (curved).  The goal that is before us does the job of that stone. Our mind which quickly gets attracted towards wrong things can always be kept on the right track by the weight of the goal.
18. The very brave  Maharana Pratap,the king of Chittod ,was fearless and generous since childhood. When he became the king, he took a vow – “As long as my country does not become independent, till then, I will not enjoy pleasures.” He was never  infatuated  by the wealth and  means of happiness  of others. His mind was always occupied with the thoughts of attaining freedom. In the battlefield even at the time of his death, he was thinking of the independence of the country. We remember that great patriot with our mind.
19. Man is always in search of happiness. Just as science is necessary for his proper development, likewise  various arts as well (are essential). Intelligence is the base of science and (its) object is conscience (discrimination between good and bad). The object of various arts is the experience of that which is sweet, beautiful, good which results in happiness. Similarly the description of that by which beastly instincts are not instigated. Hence, why don’t we achieve a balance of arts and science in our life?
20. Nowadays the ‘Sant-Gadgebaba - City- Cleanliness’ campaign is spreading everywhere. This campaign is indeed very useful. Indeed, everyone knows the importance of cleanliness. But not only the cleanliness of one’s own home but also the cleanliness of the surrounding is expected here. Friends, becoming united here, we all should become participants in this campaign and also be the ones obtaining its benefits. No change takes place in one day itself. But the cleanliness campaign adopted by various small groups (of people) everywhere will slowly become  successful. 

Sanskrit Quotations for lessons

Sanskrit Quotations for poems

Sanskrit Quotations for poems - 1

 NOTE: The translation of the quotations are only for understanding the verses and their context. Write the Sanskrit quotations as they are without any changes. Please refer to the images of the further post - "Sanskrit Quotations for poems" for a brief information about the poems. Only one quotation is required to be written. 

1.सुभाषितमाला -1 । - You are expected to write the complete verse for the corresponding question (for e.g. write the second verse for the first question in answer in English) and also add quotations wherever possible.

1. For introduction: पृथिव्यां त्रीणि रत्नानि जलमन्नं सुभाषितम्। [The three gems on earth are - water, food, सुभाषितs]
2. For Q.1 'वाचनं ज्ञानदं बाल्ये  तारुण्ये शीलरक्षकम्। वार्धके दुःखहरणं हितं सद्ग्रन्थवाचनम्।।' [Reading gives knowledge in childhood, protects one's character in youth, relieves of sorrow in old-age, reading good-books is beneficial] OR 'ग्रन्थाः एव  गुरवः।' [Books are indeed our preceptors], OR 'काव्यशास्त्रविनोदेन कालो गच्छति धीमताम्।' [The time of the intelligent-ones is spent studying the amusement in poetry and scriptures] 
3. For Q.2. 'न चोरहार्यं न च राजहार्यं न भ्रातृभाज्यं न च भारकारि।' [It can neither be stolen, nor can it be taken by the king (as tax) nor even divided among brothers, nor is it a burden] OR 'न हि ज्ञानेन सदृशं पवित्रमिह विद्यते।' [Nothing is as pure as knowledge]
4. For Q.3. 'दुर्बलस्य बलं राजा।' [The king is the strength of the weak ones] OR 'यथा नराणां प्रवरः क्षितीशः।' [Just as king is the most excellent among men]  
5. For Q.4. 'कीटोऽपि सुमनः सङ्गाद् आरोहति सतां शिरः। अश्मापि याति  देवत्वं महद्भिः सुप्रतिष्टितः।।' [Even an insect climbs the head of a virtuous one due to the company of flowers. Even a stone attains divinity when consecrated by great persons], OR 'क्षणमपि सज्जनसङ्गतिरेका भवति भवार्णवतरणे नौका।' [Even a momentary company with the virtuous becomes a boat for crossing an ocean of suffering] 
6. For Q.5. विपरिच्छिन्नमूलोऽपि न विषीदेत् कथंचन। [Even if the foundation is cut out, one should not give up ever (in short be courageous)] 
7. 'सर्पो दशति काले तु दुर्जनस्तु पदे पदे।' [A snake bites in time but a wicked one at every step] [Context : Not knowing that a person is wicked if we make them a friend then they'll be harmful]    

2.सिकतासेतुः। For introduction:

1. 'क्षणशः कणशश्चैव विद्यामर्थं च साधयेत्।' [Knowledge and wealth should be obtained moment by moment and coin by coin] OR
2. 'अभ्यासाद् धार्यते विद्या।' [Knowledge is sustained by practice] OR
3. 'अविद्यं जीवनं शून्यम्।' [Life without education is meaningless]

3.नमामि राष्ट्रध्वजम्। For introduction : 

1. 'अश्रु रक्तं श्रमं स्वेदं देहि राष्ट्राभिवृद्धये।' [Give your tear, blood, hard-work and sweat for the development of the country]

4.अन्त्याक्षरी। - You are expected to write the complete verse for the corresponding question (for e.g. write the first verse for the first question in answer in english) and also add quotations wherever possible.

1. For Q.1.'दिनस्य पूर्वार्धपरार्धभिन्ना छायेव मैत्री खलसज्जनानाम्।' [The friendship of wicked ones is like the shadow in the first half of the day and virtuous ones is like the shadow in the second half of the day (the shadow is very long during sunrise and till noon becomes smaller and smaller like the friendship of wicked ones whereas the shadow becomes longer and longer after the noon till sunset like the friendship of virtuous ones)]
2. For Q.2. 'सहसा विदधीत न क्रियामविवेको परमापदां पदम्।' [Do not act hastily without thinking as it will lead to great calamity]
3. For Q.3. 'याचना माननाशाय।' [Begging leads to the destruction of one's respect] OR याचनान्तं हि गौरवम्। [Begging is indeed the end of one's dignity]
4. For Q.4. No quotation.  
5. For Q.5. 'उद्यमेन हि सिध्यन्ति कार्याणि न मनोरथैः।' [Tasks are indeed accomplished by hard efforts and not by mere desire] OR 'न निश्चिदर्थाद्विरमन्ति धीराः।' [The brave ones do not rest from the determined aim]  

5.बुर्हाणपुरशिलालेखः। - For the first question use the first verse of the poem in which God is described. There is no need of quotations for the remaining questions of this poem.
6.सुभाषितमाला -2 । - You are expected to write the complete verse for the corresponding question (for e.g. write the first verse for the first question in answer in English) and also add quotations wherever possible.

1. For Q.1. 'प्राणान्तेऽपि प्रकृतिविकृतिर्जायते नोत्तमानाम्।' [Even at the end of their lives, the (good) nature of the virtuous ones does not change]
2. For Q.2. 'यः करोति स कर्ता।' 'The one who performs the action is the subject' 'कर्तुरीप्सिततमं कर्म।' 'The thing which the doer desires the most is the object' The meaning must be written if any one of these two quotations is used.
3. For Q.3. 'व्यसने मित्रपरीक्षा।' [The test of a (true) friend is at the time of calamity] , 'आपत्काले तु सम्प्राप्ते यन्मित्रं मित्रमेव तत्।' [He who becomes a friend at the time of calamity is indeed the true friend]
4. For Q.4.'जयन्ति  ते सुकृतिनः रससिद्धाः कवीश्वराः। नास्ति येषां यशःकाये जरामरणजं भयम्।।' [Those virtuous, great poets who are accomplished in poetry are victorious, who do not have the fear of the destruction of the fullness of their glory]
5. For Q.5. No quotation
6. For Q.6. Write the verse "समुपागत....महामान्यः" as it is. No quotation required.

Sanskrit Quotations for lessons - 1

NOTE: The translation of the quotations are only for understanding the verses and their context. Write the Sanskrit quotations as they are without any changes. Please refer to the images of the further post - "Sanskrit Quotations for lessons" for a brief information about the lessons.
1.अनर्घाः षड् वैद्याः। 

1. 'आरोग्यं मूलमुत्तमम्।।'[Health is the best foundation] 

2.ऊर्जासञ्चयः एव धनसञ्चयः।<No quotations>  
3.शिल्पकारः करमरकरमहोदयः। 

1. 'पात्रविशेषे न्यस्तं गुणान्तरं व्रजति शिल्पमाधातुः।' [The skill of a teacher imparted to a worthy student attains greater excellence]

4.आत्मिकी सम्पद्। 

1. 'विरला जानन्ति गुणान् विरलाः कुर्वन्ति निर्धने स्नेहम्। विरलाः परकार्यरताः परदुःखेनापि दुःखिता विरलाः।।' [Very few recognize virtues, very few love the poor, very few are engrossed in helping others, very few become sad even by the sorrow of others]   

5.पक्षिमित्राः भवामः।  

1. 'को धर्मो ? भूतदया।' [What is Dharma? Compassion towards living beings] 

6.रसास्वादनम्। 

1. 'न हि रसादृते कश्चिदर्थः प्रवर्तते।' [There is no meaning without Rasas (रसाद्-ऋते)]  
2. 'शृंगारहास्यकरुणा रौद्रवीरभयानकाः।बीभत्साद्भुतशान्ताश्च रसाः पूर्वैरुदाहृताः।।' <The nine Rasas are mentioned - This verse is necessary for the question asking the nine Rasas in drama> 

7.ज्ञानकल्पवृक्षः।   

1. 'कल्पद्रुमः कल्पितमेव सूते सा कामधुक् कामितमेव   दोग्धि। चिन्तामणिश्चिन्तितमेव दत्ते सतां हि सङ्गः सकलं प्रसूते।।' [The Kalpavriksha tree gives whatever in imagined, that Kamadhenu gives whatever is desired, the Chintaamani stone gives whatever is thought, the company of virtuous people gives everything]

8.अमूल्यं विद्यते सर्वं।  

1. 'अमन्त्रमक्षरं नास्ति नास्ति मूलमनौषधम्। अयोग्यः पुरुषो नास्ति योजकस्तत्र दुर्लभः।।' [There is not a single letter which cannot be found in a sacred hymn, there is no root of a plant which is not medicinal, no man is incapable; at such a place, the organizer is difficult to find]

9.द्वे कथे स्वामिविवेकानन्दस्य।  

1. शक्तिपूजनम्। = 'परोपकारजं पुण्यं न स्यात् क्रतुशतैरपि।' [The merits obtained by helping others is not obtained even by a hundred sacrifices]
2. आपदाभिमुखाः  भवत। = 'आपदां तरणिः धैर्यम्।'[Courage is the saving-boat during calamity] OR  'आगतं तु भयं वीक्ष्य नरः कुर्याद्यथोचितम्।' [On seeing that fear has arrived, man should do what is proper] OR  'आगतं तु भयं दृष्ट्वा प्रहर्तव्यमभीतवत्।' [On seeing that fear has arrived, one should become bold and attack (fear)]    

Sanskrit Quotations For RR

Sanskrit Quotations For RR

Unseen Verses (13-25)

Unseen Verses (13-25)

RR 2. Sanskrit Language--The base of Indian Culture

RR 2. Sanskrit Language--The base of Indian Culture

5.Inscription at Burhanpur

5.Inscription at Burhanpur

Unseen Dialogues (9-15)

Unseen Dialogues (9-15)

9. King: (Looking around) Charioteer, even without being told, it indeed understood that this is the area of hermitage in the penance grove. (Going little distance) There should not be any trouble for the ascetics (residents of penance grove). Stop the chariot here itself so that I will get down.

Charioteer: The reins are held. May the long-lived one get down.

King: (Getting down) Charioteer, indeed one should enter the penance grove with modest attire. Let this be taken. (Thus gives his ornaments and bow to the charioteer going near)

10. भीम: Oh noble one, let me go (release me) for a moment.

युधिष्ठीर: What else is left?

भीम: Oh noble one, something very important is left. I will bind up the hair of पाञ्चाली  which was dragged by दुःशासन with this hand smeared with the blood of दुर्योधन and दुःशासन.

युधिष्ठीर: You may go quickly. Let the ascetic lady (द्रौपदी) experience the celebration of binding of the braid of the hair.

भीम: Oh princess of  पाञ्चाल kingdom, congratulations on the destruction of enemy’s family.

11. Chamberlain: (Having entered suddenly) This is a pair of garments.

Hero: (having seen, with joy to himself) Fortunately, (my) desire is fulfilled by this pair of red clothes brought unexpectedly.

Chamberlain: (It is) Sent by the queen the mother of मित्रावसु. So may the prince wear this.

Hero: Oh Chamberlain bring it (Chamberlain brings the pair of red garments near. Taking it, to himself) My marriage with मलयवती has become successful  (Moving around, loudly) Oh Chamberlain you may go. May the queen be saluted on my behalf.

12. शर्विलक: Oh मदनिका! Calm down!

मदनिका: (Recovering) Oh adventurous one! (Are you sure) For my sake indeed no one was killed or wounded in that house while doing this improper act by you?

शर्विलक: Oh मदनिका, शर्विलक does not attack the one who is frightened or asleep. So no one was killed by me nor even wounded.

मदनिका: Very good.

शर्विलक: Oh wicked, evil चारुदत्त. You will be no more.

13. भरत: If the separation of son was the same,then why was I not sent to the forest?

कॆकेयी: Child! The separation from  you who were staying in maternal uncle’s house was indeed natural.

भरत: Then why were fourteen years (of exile) observed (stipulated)?

कॆकेयी:Child! I was desirous to say fourteen days; my heart being confused said fourteen years.

भरत: There is a wisdom to explain properly.

14. प्रियंवदा: Oh Alas! Indeed unpleasant has occurred. Absent-minded शकुन्तला has offended a respectable person (Having seen ahead) This is indeed the great sage दुर्वासा who is short tempered. Having cursed in that manner he has returned with an irresistible gait.

अनसूया:Who else can burn except fire? Go, bring him back bowing down to his feet, till then I will arrange water for (his) respectful welcome.

प्रियंवदा: Alright (Thus goes out).

15. King: Then, let the debate commence.

देवी: If you ask me, I don’t like the dispute among them at all.

Dance teacher: Oh queen, you should not consider me likely to be defeated by the one who is having the similar knowledge.

Jester: Your highness, I (want to) see the fight of rams. What is the use of giving them a salary for nothing?

देवी: Indeed, you are fond of quarrels.

6.Garland of good sayings-2

6.Garland of good sayings-2

9. Two stories of Swami Vivekananda

9. Two stories of Swami Vivekananda

8.Everything is precious

8.Everything is precious

7. Wish fulfilling tree of knowledge (ज्ञानकल्पवृक्षः)

7. Wish fulfilling tree of knowledge (ज्ञानकल्पवृक्षः)

        

‘What doesn't change in this ever-changing world?’, according to this maxim (saying) in the twenty-first century even literacy is defined thus- the one who is ignorant about computer and internet is considered to be illiterate only even if he is literate. Nowadays, computer and internet is there in every house of ours. Similarly, it is used for learning and teaching in schools also by us.

          Among various inventions of man since pre-historic times, the internet is the greatest invention of man. This is the greatest revolution till date. A small helping device is ‘Modem’. The internet is connected (created) by joining it to computer with telephone cables. The World Wide Web network (विश्वव्यापि जालम्) formed by the mutual connection of small and big networks of computers is indeed the cyberspace (सङ्गणकजालन्तरिक्षम्). The internet is indeed the super-highway of acquiring knowledge (Information Super-Highway (ज्ञानप्राप्तेः अतिद्रुतगतिमार्गः)). Internet means World Wide Web (विश्वव्यापि जालम्) or the great network of information technology. It is indeed a democracy of people, created by people for the welfare of the people. What a surprise! Not even a single coin (penny) is needed for acquiring this unlimited knowledge.

        Just as there was a wish fulfilling tree (कल्पवृक्षः) in ancient times, similarly in the modern times, the internet itself is the wish fulfilling tree (कल्पवृक्षः) of knowledge. The desire of the mind or the quest for knowledge is fulfilled only in a fraction of second by this.

      The knowledge of various types of science and arts, world news, information of various institutes and departments, thousands of books (treatises), knowledge useful for tourism, reservation of seats and seeing people who are far away and conversing with them and general knowledge are available due to this technology. This modern wish fulfilling tree (कल्पवृक्षः) gives us all types of information. Statistical data (सांख्यिकीय ज्ञानम्) and software program of the computer are also available on the internet. With the help, all the people are to do various subjects (things) quickly, easily, without paper, without mistake, with very little human effort (energy).

       Now, during economic recession, e-commerce (सङ्गणकीयवाणिज्यम्) has proven to be a boon itself. We can do the transfer of money for payments of life insurances (आयूर्विमा), electric bills, and television bills as well as various transactions with this technology. Online banking (सद्यस्क कुसीद्वृत्तिः) is used for this purpose. People send their message quickly by e-mail (सङ्गणकीयपत्रम्) and do online chatting also.

       In this way, this is indeed a boon that increases knowledge. May the use of internet be only for the well-being of human beings.